Non in generale. Il valore di una donna è uguale a quello di un uomo davanti a Dio. Le due regole a cui ci si riferisce sono circoscritte: il Corano chiede due donne al posto di un uomo come testimoni in un contratto finanziario scritto, e dà a una figlia metà della quota di un figlio in alcuni casi di eredità.
La risposta completa
Nell'eredità, un figlio riceve il doppio della quota di una figlia perché per la legge islamica è responsabile del mantenimento di sua moglie, dei figli e spesso dei genitori e delle sorelle, mentre la quota di una figlia è solo sua, senza alcun dovere di spenderla per qualcuno. In molti altri casi, le donne ereditano quanto o più degli uomini: per esempio, una madre e un padre ricevono ciascuno un sesto, e in alcuni casi una figlia eredita più di un fratello.
Il versetto sulla testimonianza riguarda un contratto di debito, quando le donne erano meno abituate agli affari, e una può ricordare all'altra. In altre materie, come la testimonianza di Aisha come fonte di conoscenza religiosa, la parola di una donna è pienamente accettata. Gli studiosi divergono su come applicare questo nei tribunali moderni.
Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are [only] daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one's estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one's parents, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children. But if he had no children and the parents [alone] inherit from him, then for his mother is one third. And if he had brothers [or sisters], for his mother is a sixth, after any bequest he [may have] made or debt. Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit. [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allah. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise.
O you who have believed, when you contract a debt for a specified term, write it down. And let a scribe write [it] between you in justice. Let no scribe refuse to write as Allah has taught him. So let him write and let the one who has the obligation dictate. And let him fear Allah, his Lord, and not leave anything out of it. But if the one who has the obligation is of limited understanding or weak or unable to dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And bring to witness two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses - so that if one of the women errs, then the other can remind her. And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. And do not be [too] weary to write it, whether it is small or large, for its [specified] term. That is more just in the sight of Allah and stronger as evidence and more likely to prevent doubt between you, except when it is an immediate transaction which you conduct among yourselves. For [then] there is no blame upon you if you do not write it. And take witnesses when you conclude a contract. Let no scribe be harmed or any witness. For if you do so, indeed, it is [grave] disobedience in you. And fear Allah. And Allah teaches you. And Allah is Knowing of all things.
For men is a share of what the parents and close relatives leave, and for women is a share of what the parents and close relatives leave, be it little or much - an obligatory share.
Questa risposta segue la comprensione sunnita maggioritaria ed è un apprendimento generale, non una fatwa. Dove i musulmani divergono, la risposta lo dice. Hai una domanda tua? Scrivici.
