L'Islam permette il divorzio come ultima risorsa, dopo tentativi di riconciliazione. Un marito può porre fine al matrimonio con il talaq, una moglie può chiedere il divorzio tramite un giudice (khul' o faskh), e in ogni caso ci sono periodi di attesa e diritti per entrambe le parti.
La risposta completa
Il Profeta ﷺ scoraggiò il divorzio, e il Corano incoraggia l'arbitrato da parte di familiari. Dopo un talaq, c'è un periodo di attesa (idda) di circa tre mesi, in cui il marito non deve cacciare la moglie di casa e durante il quale possono riconciliarsi. La moglie conserva il suo mahr, e il padre mantiene i figli.
Le donne hanno il diritto di prendere l'iniziativa: il khul' è un divorzio in cui la moglie restituisce il mahr, e un giudice può sciogliere un matrimonio per danno, trascuratezza o mancato mantenimento. Nella pratica, in alcuni Paesi le donne incontrano difficoltà nei tribunali, e in alcuni luoghi si pratica il divorzio istantaneo ripetendo tre volte la parola, benché molti studiosi e diversi Paesi lo abbiano limitato.
Divorce is twice. Then, either keep [her] in an acceptable manner or release [her] with good treatment. And it is not lawful for you to take anything of what you have given them unless both fear that they will not be able to keep [within] the limits of Allah. But if you fear that they will not keep [within] the limits of Allah, then there is no blame upon either of them concerning that by which she ransoms herself. These are the limits of Allah, so do not transgress them. And whoever transgresses the limits of Allah - it is those who are the wrongdoers.
O Prophet, when you [Muslims] divorce women, divorce them for [the commencement of] their waiting period and keep count of the waiting period, and fear Allah, your Lord. Do not turn them out of their [husbands'] houses, nor should they [themselves] leave [during that period] unless they are committing a clear immorality. And those are the limits [set by] Allah. And whoever transgresses the limits of Allah has certainly wronged himself. You know not; perhaps Allah will bring about after that a [different] matter. And when they have [nearly] fulfilled their term, either retain them according to acceptable terms or part with them according to acceptable terms. And bring to witness two just men from among you and establish the testimony for [the acceptance of] Allah. That is instructed to whoever should believe in Allah and the Last day. And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out
Divorced women remain in waiting for three periods, and it is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs if they believe in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands have more right to take them back in this [period] if they want reconciliation. And due to the wives is similar to what is expected of them, according to what is reasonable. But the men have a degree over them [in responsibility and authority]. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.
Questa risposta segue la comprensione sunnita maggioritaria ed è un apprendimento generale, non una fatwa. Dove i musulmani divergono, la risposta lo dice. Hai una domanda tua? Scrivici.
