Ghusl is washing the whole body with the intention of purification. It is required after sexual intercourse (even without ejaculation), after the discharge of semen, at the end of menstruation and postnatal bleeding, and for washing a deceased Muslim. The Quran says: if you are in a state of janabah, purify yourselves (5:6).
1What requires ghusl
The discharge of semen, in sleep or awake, with pleasure.
Sexual intercourse, when the two private parts meet, even without ejaculation. Aisha explained this in the hadith narrated in Sahih Muslim.
The end of menstruation and of postnatal bleeding (nifas).
Washing a deceased Muslim is an obligation on the community, so that the body is bathed before burial.
2The complete way, as the Prophet ﷺ did it
Make the intention and say Bismillah.
Wash the hands, then the private parts.
Perform wudu as for prayer.
Pour water over the head three times until it reaches the roots of the hair.
Pour water over the rest of the body, starting with the right side.
3What makes it valid at the least
The intention, and water reaching the whole body, including the skin under the hair.
A woman does not have to undo her plait if the water reaches the roots of her hair.
After ghusl for janabah, a separate wudu is not required if the full way was followed, as the Prophet ﷺ did not repeat it.
Where the schools differ
The four Sunni schools agree on the main ruling above and differ in these points. No school is preferred here.
Rinsing the mouth and nose is obligatory in ghusl in the Hanafi and Hanbali schools and recommended in the Maliki and Shafi'i schools.
The Maliki school requires rubbing the body (dalk) while washing. The other schools say pouring the water over it is enough.
Ó fiéis, sempre que vos dispuserdes a observar a oração, lavai o rosto, as mãos e os antebraços até aos cotovelos; esfregai a cabeça, com as mãos molhadas e lavai os pés, até os tornozelos. E, quando estiverdes polutos, higienizai-vos; porém, se estiverdes enfermos ou em viagem, ou se vierdes de lugar escuso ou tiverdes tocado as mulheres, semencontrardes água, servi-los do tayamum com terra limpa, e esfregai com ela os vossos rostos e mãos. Deus não desejaimpor-vos carga alguma; porém, se quer purificar-vos e agraciar-vos, é para que Lhe agradeçais.
Ó fiéis, não vos deis à oração, quando vos achardes ébrios, até que saibais o que dizeis, nem quando estiverdes polutospelo dever conjugal - salvo se vos achardes em viagem -, até que vos tenhais higienizado. Se estiverdes enfermos ou emviagem, ou se algum de vós acabar de fazer a sua necessidade, ou se tiverdes contato com mulheres, sem terdes encontradoágua, recorrei à terra limpa e passai (as mão com a terra) em vossos rostos e mãos; sabei que Deus é Remissório, Indulgentíssimo.
From the Sunnah
Sahih Muslim 349Authentic collection
The point of the hadith: Aisha explained that when the private parts meet, ghusl is obligatory.
This is general information, not a fatwa. For your own situation, ask a qualified scholar.
Fiqh questions
Ghusl (the full bath): when it is required and how to do it
Ghusl is washing the whole body with the intention of purification. It is required after sexual intercourse (even without ejaculation), after the discharge of semen, at the end of menstruation and postnatal bleeding, and for washing a deceased Muslim. The Quran says: if you are in a state of janabah, purify yourselves (5:6).
Is this a fatwa?
No. It is a summary of well-known rulings with their evidence. For your own case, ask a qualified scholar.
What if my school differs from this answer?
Follow the view of the school you follow and the scholar who teaches you. The page lists the differences of the four schools.
